Technical Data
Architectural Specifications:
Comprehensive material data, manufacturing tolerances, and profile dimensions for the Unique Wood Products collection. Designed to assist architects and specifiers in project documentation.
1. Material Standards (The Raw Materials)
Lumber Grading (NHLA Standards)
We source raw lumber in accordance with the National Hardwood Lumber Association (NHLA) rules.
Grade: FAS / Select & Better (Face Face).
Heartwood/Sapwood: Standard treads may contain a mix of heartwood and sapwood unless “Color Sorted” is specifically requested.
Knots: Solid stock is virtually clear on the top face. “Rustic” grades will permit sound knots up to 1″ diameter and mineral streaking.
Moisture Content & Stability
Kiln Drying: All lumber is kiln-dried to a moisture content of 6% to 8% at the time of milling.
Acclimatization: Product must be maintained in an environment of 35-55% Relative Humidity to maintain these tolerances.
2. Manufacturing Tolerances (The Engineering)
| Specification | Tolerance / Standard |
| Dimensional Tolerance | ± 1/16″ (Width & Depth) |
| Thickness Tolerance | ± 1/32″ (Calibrated Sanding) |
| Warp/Bow Allowance | Max 1/16″ per linear foot (Pre-Installation) |
| Adhesive Type | Industrial Type II PVA (Polyvinyl Acetate) – Water Resistant |
| Sanding Grit | 120-Grit (Ready for stain/seal) |
| Lamella Width | Random Width Staves (2″ to 4″) to minimize cupping force |
3. Profile Specifications (The Nosing)
Profile 8070 (New Construction)
Body Thickness: 1.0″ (Solid)
Nosing Projection: 1-1/4″ (Standard overhang)
Nosing Radius: 1/2″ Bullnose or 1/8″ Eased Edge (Square)
Application: Structural installation directly to rough stringers.
Profile 8071 (Retro-Fit / Overlay)
Body Thickness: 5/8″ or 3/4″
Nosing Drop: 1-1/2″ (Covers standard 2x framing)
Rabbet Width: 7/8″ (Standard groove behind nose)
Application: Adhesive installation over existing steps.
4. Performance Data (Code Compliance)
Structural Load
Deflection: Solid 1″ Oak treads on a 42″ span exceed the residential code requirement (L/360) for deflection under a 300lb concentrated load.
Code Reference: Meets IRC 2018 requirements for solid riser/tread construction.
Fire Spread Rating
Classification: Solid Hardwood (Oak, Maple, Hickory) generally falls under Class C (Class III) flame spread rating (76-200).
Note: Fire rating is inherent to the wood species, not the manufacturing process.
Slip Resistance
Coefficient of Friction: Unique Wood Products components are supplied unfinished. The final Slip Resistance Rating (COF) is determined solely by the site-applied finish (polyurethane/varnish). We recommend using finishes that meet the ANSI A137.1 standard for dynamic friction (DCOF > 0.42).
Liability Note: These instructions are provided as a general guide for industry-standard practices. Unique Wood Products acts solely as a manufacturer and assumes no liability for installation errors, code non-compliance, or labor costs. Always consult your local building codes and verify specific structural requirements with a licensed contractor.
Made in Texas
Proudly crafted in our Houston facilities.
100% Premium Quality
Guaranteed craftsmanship and materials.
Customized Product
Sustainably sourced American lumber.
Locally Made
Tailored profiles to match your vision.
Core Characteristics
Domestic Hardwood
North American hardwood forests are responsibly managed and highly renewable. Using domestic hardwood reduces reliance on imported wood, lowers transportation emissions, and supports sustainable forestry practices.
Strength & Durability
Solid wood stair treads provide a firm, stable surface with no bounce, flex, or hollow feeling underfoot. Each step feels sturdy and well-supported confidence and security as they move up and down the staircase
Sustainability
North American hardwood forests are responsibly managed and highly renewable. Using domestic hardwood reduces reliance on imported wood, lowers transportation emissions, and supports sustainable forestry practices.
Premium Quality
We are committed to the highest standards of material selection, craftsmanship, and performance. Each tread is manufactured to deliver lasting reliability, refined appearance, and long-term value.
Reduced Allergen
One of the main advantages of wood stairs for allergy sufferers is the reduced allergen accumulation. Unlike carpet, which has fibers that can trap and hold dust mites, pollen, pet dander, and other allergens, wood stairs have a hard, flat surface. This means allergens cannot embed themselves deep within the material, instead they remain on the surface where they are easy to see and remove.
Multiple Refinishes
One of the most valuable features of solid wood stair treads is their ability to be sanded and refinished multiple times throughout their lifespan. This capability ensures that your stairs retain their beauty, functionality, and long-term value for decades.
Value Added
Solid wood stair treads are more than just functional - they are a long-term investment in both quality and aesthetics. Their natural beauty, durability, and craftsmanship elevate the overall look and feel of a home or building, creating a sense of luxury and attention to detail that buyers and visitors immediately notice.
Stability
Stair treads play a critical role in providing a stable, secure, and comfortable experience when using a staircase. Properly designed and manufactured treads ensure each step is solid underfoot, minimizing movement and enhancing safety.
Hardness
The hardness of wood used in stair treads is a critical factor in durability, safety, and long-term performance. Hardness is a measure of a wood species’ resistance to dents, scratches, and wear, and it directly affects how well the stairs perform under daily use. Red Oak has a compressive strength of 6,760 psi and bending strength of 14,300 psi and White Oak as compressive strength of 7,400 psi and bending strength of 15,200 psi.
Noise Reduction
Solid wood stair treads naturally absorb the impact of footsteps, reducing echo and footstep noise compared to harder materials like metal or stone. This sound-dampening effect helps contain noise between floors, which is especially beneficial in multi-level homes, condos, or commercial buildings, improving privacy and creating a quieter, more comfortable environment.
Easy to Clean
Wood stair treads are naturally smooth and non-porous when properly finished, which makes them simple to maintain. Unlike carpet that traps dirt, dust, and allergens, wood surfaces can be quickly cleaned with minimal effort.
Warmth & Timeless Beauty
Solid wood stair treads bring a rare combination of comfort and enduring style to the home. Unlike colder materials such as stone, tile, or metal, wood naturally provides warmth—both in its physical feel underfoot and in its welcoming, organic appearance. Beyond comfort, wood stair treads deliver timeless beauty. The rich grains, natural color variations, and polished finishes of hardwoods create a staircase that never goes out of style. Whether paired with classic interiors or modern designs, wood seamlessly adapts, enhancing the home’s character and elegance for decades.
Customization
The primary benefit of choosing wood stair treads is the high degree of customization they offer, allowing you to create a staircase that is truly unique and perfectly integrated into your home's design. This customization goes beyond just a basic choice of color and extends to multiple key areas: wood species, shapes, edge profiles and complementary design elements.
Building Codes
Conforms to local and national building codes. High-quality wood stair treads are designed and manufactured to comply with national and local building codes, ensuring safety, reliability, and structural integrity for residential and commercial applications. Using code-compliant treads provides peace of mind for homeowners, builders, and architects alike.
Specifications
Width
Custom size
Depth
Custom size
Construction
Solid wood
Grade
Select
Hardness
<1000 lbf
Installation Method
High quality polyurethane adhesive
Area of Installation
Interior
Nosing
Square or bullnosed
Pet Friendly
Yes
Surface Finished
Unfinished
Texture
Smooth
Thickness
Custom
VOC Emissions
Low levels
Wood Species
| Wood Species | Hardness | Color & Appearance | Grain & Texture | Sustainability | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red Oak | 1290 lbf | Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with a reddish cast. Will usually stain a little pink. | Very prominent and bold grain lines, with occasional swirls or variations. | Considered sustainable and eco-friendly due to abundance, responsible forest management, and durability. | $ |
| White Oak | 1350 lbf | Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with an olive cast. | Medium to coarse, with a slightly open grain structure. | Sustainable choice thanks to abundance, responsible management, durability, and domestic availability. | $$$ |
| Hard Maple | 1450 lbf | Creamy white to light reddish-brown. Clean, refined, and modern appearance. | Grain is generally straight but may be wavy. Has a fine, even texture. | Abundant and domestically available, making it environmentally responsible and long-lasting. | $$$ |
| Hickory | 1820 lbf | Bold combination of creamy light tones and rich browns. Rustic and visually striking. | Coarse, pronounced texture with prominent grain patterns. | Sourced from responsibly managed North American forests. High strength and longevity. | $$ |
| Walnut | 1010 lbf | Prized for deep, luxurious tones. Creates a warm, sophisticated look. | Fine to medium grain with a smooth, refined texture. Elegant and timeless. | Durable, domestic hardwood. Excellent refinishing potential makes it an environmentally responsible luxury choice. | $$$$ |
When selecting wood for your stair parts, the above wood species are those that can seamlessly match or complement your existing hardwood flooring. This is why you will often find stair treads, risers, and handrails made from the same types of wood that are popular for flooring.
This approach creates a cohesive and professional look throughout your home, making the staircase a natural extension of the room’s design. Matching the wood species ensures a consistent grain pattern and color, providing a finished aesthetic that elevates the entire space.
Resources & Technical Data
Everything you need to specify and install Unique Wood Products with confidence
In-Stock Brochure
Complete catalog of ready-to-ship inventory: S4S Flat Stock, Baseboards, Crowns, Stair Parts, and Iron Balusters.
Interior Moulding & Trim
Comprehensive design guide featuring Custom S4S, Shiplap, Wall Paneling, Wood Species, and Architectural Millwork.
Stair Treads Configurator
Plan your rise and run with precision. Calculate materials needed for your project.